For each issue, the candidates are grouped by the position they support. Expand an issue to read their proposals side by side, with the exact quotes from their programs.
All 12 candidates who published proposals
13 of 13 issues shown
Development aid
No, abolish it
Suspend it for countries refusing returns
Summary across all candidatesZemmour wants development aid abolished. Retailleau proposes suspending it for countries refusing to take back their nationals: that targeted condition differs from general abolition.
No proposal on this issue in the sources analyzed: Arthaud, Attal, Glucksmann, Le Pen, Lisnard, Mélenchon, Philippe, Polony, Roussel, Ruffin.
European federalism
Federation for defined powers
Sovereign nations without a federal government
Summary across all candidatesAttal proposes a federation of willing states for economic, technological and climate matters, while retaining national armed forces and deterrence. Retailleau supports sovereign nations and rejects a federal government, administration and taxes.
No proposal on this issue in the sources analyzed: Arthaud, Glucksmann, Le Pen, Lisnard, Mélenchon, Philippe, Polony, Roussel, Ruffin, Zemmour.
Sovereign air combat
Yes
Summary across all candidatesLisnard wants a national system combining the Rafale F5, a stealth drone and a combat network. Retailleau prioritizes French industry with trusted partners: their agreement on a French industrial base does not imply identical rejection of cooperation.
No proposal on this issue in the sources analyzed: Arthaud, Attal, Glucksmann, Le Pen, Mélenchon, Philippe, Polony, Roussel, Ruffin, Zemmour.
Summaries cover all candidates and are written neutrally. Positions are those of the official sources analyzed, as of the date shown on each quote. Methodology
