Compare the programs

Summary across all candidatesLe Pen, Lisnard, Philippe, Attal, Retailleau and Polony support renewed nuclear development; Attal announces 14 new reactors and Philippe eight EPRs in addition to the six planned. Glucksmann wants a safe existing fleet and new units built on time. Ruffin prioritizes safe life extensions, while Mélenchon wants to abandon EPR projects and phase out nuclear power.

No proposal on this issue in the sources analyzed: Arthaud, Roussel, Zemmour.

Summary across all candidatesAttal supports a mix of nuclear, hydro, solar, wind, biomass and geothermal energy; Glucksmann wants investment in all renewables and Mélenchon targets 100% by 2050. Zemmour and Retailleau propose ending support for new capacity, particularly wind and solar: this does not mean closing existing installations.

No proposal on this issue in the sources analyzed: Arthaud, Le Pen, Lisnard, Philippe, Polony, Roussel, Ruffin.

Summary across all candidatesMélenchon and Ruffin favor public provision at regulated prices; Glucksmann wants prices tied to production costs. Le Pen wants to leave European pricing rules and Zemmour to abolish the European merit order: agreement on changing the current mechanism does not establish an identical replacement model.

No proposal on this issue in the sources analyzed: Arthaud, Attal, Lisnard, Philippe, Polony, Retailleau, Roussel.

Summary across all candidatesAttal wants to triple the rate of emissions cuts to 5% annually by 2030. Le Pen announces carbon neutrality before 2050, without an annual reduction rate in the selected text.

No proposal on this issue in the sources analyzed: Arthaud, Glucksmann, Lisnard, Mélenchon, Philippe, Polony, Retailleau, Roussel, Ruffin, Zemmour.

Summary across all candidatesLe Pen and Zemmour want the 2035 ban on new combustion car sales dropped. This agreement does not establish opposition to all electric cars or all purchase support.

No proposal on this issue in the sources analyzed: Arthaud, Attal, Glucksmann, Lisnard, Mélenchon, Philippe, Polony, Retailleau, Roussel, Ruffin.

Summary across all candidatesRetailleau proposes removing the precautionary principle from the Environment Charter. Lisnard wants to replace it with a responsibility principle, and Le Pen with a principle requiring repair of harm caused.

No proposal on this issue in the sources analyzed: Arthaud, Attal, Glucksmann, Mélenchon, Philippe, Polony, Roussel, Ruffin, Zemmour.

Summary across all candidatesLisnard, Philippe and Retailleau propose cooling public-facing buildings, including schools, hospitals and nursing homes. Thermal renovation of schools and adapting homes are not automatically equated with installing air conditioning.

No proposal on this issue in the sources analyzed: Arthaud, Attal, Glucksmann, Le Pen, Mélenchon, Polony, Roussel, Ruffin, Zemmour.

Summary across all candidatesLe Pen, Lisnard and Retailleau propose abolishing low-emission zones. Lisnard specifies legislation; the selected texts do not give identical replacement arrangements for every candidate.

No proposal on this issue in the sources analyzed: Arthaud, Attal, Glucksmann, Mélenchon, Philippe, Polony, Roussel, Ruffin, Zemmour.

Summary across all candidatesLisnard and Retailleau propose suspending these obligations to lower fuel prices. Lisnard specifies six months; Retailleau announces a reduction of up to 17 cents per litre without specifying the duration here.

No proposal on this issue in the sources analyzed: Arthaud, Attal, Glucksmann, Le Pen, Mélenchon, Philippe, Polony, Roussel, Ruffin, Zemmour.

Summary across all candidatesPhilippe targets reuse of 10% of treated wastewater; Attal wants to remove barriers to this practice. Retailleau calls for large-scale reuse without specifying a percentage here.

No proposal on this issue in the sources analyzed: Arthaud, Glucksmann, Le Pen, Lisnard, Mélenchon, Polony, Roussel, Ruffin, Zemmour.