Compare the programs

Summary across all candidatesMélenchon, Glucksmann, Roussel and Ruffin propose taxing the largest fortunes more: bringing back the wealth tax (ISF), a 2% Zucman tax on the very largest fortunes or a targeted "tax effort". Le Pen proposes replacing the real estate wealth tax with a tax on financial wealth. The other published programs do not address this issue.

No proposal on this issue in the sources analyzed: Arthaud, Attal, Lisnard, Philippe, Polony, Retailleau, Zemmour.

Summary across all candidatesLe Pen, Philippe and Retailleau propose lower inheritance or gift taxes; Attal particularly wants bequests to grandchildren treated like those to children. Mélenchon and Ruffin want higher taxes on the largest inheritances, with Mélenchon capping lifetime inherited wealth at €12 million. Glucksmann proposes rebalancing taxation so that it favors wealthy heirs less.

No proposal on this issue in the sources analyzed: Arthaud, Lisnard, Polony, Roussel, Zemmour.

Summary across all candidatesMélenchon (14 brackets) and Polony propose making income tax more progressive. Philippe plans exemptions during a child’s first three years for middle-income households; Le Pen would exempt people under 30 earning up to four times the minimum wage.

No proposal on this issue in the sources analyzed: Arthaud, Attal, Glucksmann, Lisnard, Retailleau, Roussel, Ruffin, Zemmour.

Summary across all candidatesLisnard targets an 8-GDP-point spending cut over ten years; Le Pen announces €140 billion in savings and spending below 50% of GDP. Retailleau targets €197 billion in annual savings by 2032, including €146 billion for deficit reduction, while Zemmour targets €140 billion in savings. Philippe targets a 2% deficit by the end of his term, while Attal targets overall balance in 2037 and social security balance in 2032: the scopes and deadlines differ.

No proposal on this issue in the sources analyzed: Arthaud, Glucksmann, Mélenchon, Polony, Roussel, Ruffin.

Summary across all candidatesPhilippe (250,000 jobs), Attal (100,000 jobs through voluntary departures) and Zemmour (800,000 departures not replaced) propose cutting the number of civil servants, on very different scales. Roussel instead proposes hiring on a large scale and raising the pay index by 30%.

No proposal on this issue in the sources analyzed: Arthaud, Glucksmann, Le Pen, Lisnard, Mélenchon, Polony, Retailleau, Ruffin.

Summary across all candidatesPhilippe proposes €50 billion in production tax cuts offset by an equivalent reduction in public aid. Le Pen puts her cut at €20 billion; Lisnard wants to abolish the C3S and CVAE in particular.

No proposal on this issue in the sources analyzed: Arthaud, Attal, Glucksmann, Mélenchon, Polony, Retailleau, Roussel, Ruffin, Zemmour.

Summary across all candidatesRuffin, Le Pen and Polony support remunerative or floor prices; Attal wants to prevent agricultural products being bought below production cost. Ruffin adds margin controls, while Le Pen and Polony want checks on imports that fail to meet French standards.

No proposal on this issue in the sources analyzed: Arthaud, Glucksmann, Lisnard, Mélenchon, Philippe, Retailleau, Roussel, Zemmour.

Summary across all candidatesPhilippe wants to preserve the Dutreil scheme. Le Pen proposes a 100% exemption, conditional on keeping the business in France for ten years.

No proposal on this issue in the sources analyzed: Arthaud, Attal, Glucksmann, Lisnard, Mélenchon, Polony, Retailleau, Roussel, Ruffin, Zemmour.

Summary across all candidatesLe Pen and Glucksmann propose taxing crisis-related windfall profits, with an automatic mechanism for Glucksmann. Ruffin targets oil companies and refining with an exceptional levy.

No proposal on this issue in the sources analyzed: Arthaud, Attal, Lisnard, Mélenchon, Philippe, Polony, Retailleau, Roussel, Zemmour.

Summary across all candidatesMélenchon proposes a global AI oversight authority and Attal an international regulatory agency. They agree on an international institution; the selected texts do not establish identical powers or governance.

No proposal on this issue in the sources analyzed: Arthaud, Glucksmann, Le Pen, Lisnard, Philippe, Polony, Retailleau, Roussel, Ruffin, Zemmour.